Speechlessness, however, affirmed in the diagnosis, is carefully based on the facts of the examination, as we see by rendering the statements concerned, just as they stand in examination and diagnosis: If thou examinest a man having a wound in the temple, ...; if thou ask of him concerning his malady and he speak not to thee; ...; thou shouldst say concerning him, 'One having a wound in his temple, ... (and) he is speechless'.

~ James Henry Breasted

James Henry Breasted Anatomy Ancient Egypt Ancient Medicine Brain Disorders Frontal Lobe Hieroglyphic Medical History Neuroscience Speech Speech Pathology

The attention given to the side of the head which has received the injury, in connection with a specific reference to the side of the body nervously affected, is in itself evidence that in this case the ancient surgeon was already beginning observations on the localization of functions in the brain.

~ James Henry Breasted

James Henry Breasted Anatomy Ancient Egypt Ancient Medicine Biology Brain Hieroglyphic Injuries Medical History Neuroscience

The seat of consciousness and intelligence was from the earliest times regarded by the Egyptians as both the heart and the bowels or abdomen. Our surgeon, however, has observed the fact that injuries to the brain affect other parts of the body, especially in his experience the lower limbs. He notes the drag or shuffle of one foot, presumably the partial paralysis resulting from a cranial wound, and the ancient commentator carefully explains the meaning of the obsolete word used for shuffle.

~ James Henry Breasted

James Henry Breasted Ancient Egyptians Ancient Medicine Brain Neuroscience

Increase Mather, President of Harvard University, in his treatise on Remarkable Providences, insists that the smell of herbs alarms the Devil and that medicine expels him. Such beliefs have probably even now not wholly disappeared from among us.

~ James Henry Breasted

James Henry Breasted Ancient Medicine Devil Folklore Harvard Herbs Increase Mather

In the field of Egyptian mathematics Professor Karpinski of the University of Michigan has long insisted that surviving mathematical papyri clearly demonstrate the Egyptians' scientific interest in pure mathematics for its own sake. I have now no doubt that Professor Karpinski is right, for the evidence of interest in pure science, as such, is perfectly conclusive in the Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus.

~ James Henry Breasted

James Henry Breasted Egyptology Mathematics Pure Research Science University Of Michigan

It is this conception of the unity of the human career which is perhaps the greatest achievement of historical study, since it gained a place analogous to that of natural science.

~ James Henry Breasted

James Henry Breasted Achievement Unity Greatest

There was an age, however, when the transition from savagery to civilization, with all its impressive outward manifestations in art and architecture, took place for the first time.

~ James Henry Breasted

James Henry Breasted Time Art Age